Japanese Zen

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禅U+7985, 禅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7985
← 禄
[U+7984]		CJK Unified Ideographs禆 →
[U+7986]

Zen is the Japanese name for a Buddhist tradition practiced by millions of people across the world. Historically, Zen practice originated in China, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, and later came to in the West. Zen takes many forms, as each culture that embraced it did so with their own emphases and tastes. The book meticulously documents Zen Buddhism's support of Japanese militarism from the time of the Meiji Restoration through the World War II and the post-War period. It describes the influence of state policy on Buddhism in Japan, and particularly the influence of Zen on the military of the Empire of Japan.A famous quote is from Harada Daiun Sogaku: 'If ordered to march: tramp. Daisen-in, a subtemple of Daitoku-ji, was founded in 1509 by Zen priest Kogaku Soko (1464-1548). The gardens date from about that time and may have been designed by Kogaku or perhaps by the painter Soami, who did the landscape paintings in the main hall.

Translingual[edit]

Traditional禪
Simplified禅
Japanese禅
Korean禪

Glyph origin[edit]

Simplified from 禪.

  • Simplified from 禪 (示 → 礻 and 單 → 单) (2 strokes on top of phonetic) in simplified Chinese.
  • Simplified from 禪 (示 → 礻 and 單 → 単) (3 strokes on top of phonetic) in Japanese shinjitai.

Han character[edit]

禅 (radical 113, 示+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈火金田十 (IFCWJ), composition ⿰礻単(J) or ⿰礻单(G))

References[edit]

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 844, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24787
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2402, character 7

Chinese[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 禅 – see 禪 (“dhyana; deepmeditation; contemplation; Buddhistdoctrine; Buddhist teachings; etc.”).
(This character, 禅, is the simplified and variant form of 禪.)
Notes:
  • Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore.
  • Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese[edit]

禅
禪

Kanji[edit]

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 禪)

  1. Chinese emperor abdicating the throne
  2. dhyana, ZenBuddhism

Readings[edit]

  • Go-on: ぜん(zen, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: せん(sen)
  • Kun: しずか(shizuka, 禅)←しづか(siduka, historical); ゆずる(yuzuru, 禅る)←ゆづる(yuduru, historical)
  • Nanori: さとり(satori); ゆずり(yuzuri)←ゆづり(yuduri, historical)

Compounds[edit]

  • 禅刹(ぜんさつ)(zensatsu)
  • 禅師(ぜんじ)(zenji)
  • 禅定(ぜんじょう)(zenjō)
  • 禅譲(ぜんじょう)(zenjō)
  • 禅杖(ぜんじょう)(zenjō)
  • 禅僧(ぜんそう)(zensō)
  • 禅道(ぜんどう)(zendō)
  • 禅那(ぜんな)(zenna)
  • 禅味(ぜんみ)(zenmi)
  • 禅門(ぜんもん)(zenmon)
  • 禅林(ぜんりん)(zenrin)
  • 座禅(ざぜん), 坐禅(ざぜん)(zazen, “sitting meditation”)
  • 参禅(さんぜん)(sanzen)
  • 四禅(しぜん)(shizen)
  • 修禅(しゅぜん)(shuzen)
  • 受禅(じゅぜん)(juzen)
  • 封禅(ほうぜん)(hōzen)

Etymology[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
禅
ぜん
Grade: S
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
禪(kyūjitai)

Shortened from 禅那(zenna, “”), from Middle Chinese禪那 (MC d͡ʑiᴇn nɑ), a transliteration of Sanskritध्यान(dhyāna, “”).[1][2][3][4][5] Compare Paliझान(jhāna).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • On’yomi: Goon
    • (Tokyo)ぜ​ん[zéꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[4]
    • (Tokyo)ぜん[zèń] (Heiban – [0])[4]
    • IPA(key): [d͡zẽ̞ɴ]
Japanese zen music

Noun[edit]

禅(ぜん)• (zen) (kyūjitai禪)

  1. (Buddhism)dhyana-samadhi: This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Synonyms:禅定(zenjō), 禅那(zenna)
  2. (Buddhism) the disciplines and doctrine of Zen Buddhism
  3. Short for 座禅(zazen): a sitingposition in a Zenmeditation

Derived terms[edit]

  • 禅院(ぜんいん)(zen'in)
  • 禅客(ぜんかく)(zenkaku), 禅客(ぜんがく)(zengaku)
  • 禅宗(ぜんしゅう)(Zenshū)
  • 禅寺(ぜんでら)(zendera)
  • 禅問答(ぜんもんどう)(zenmondō)
  • 蝦蟇禅(がまぜん)(gamazen)
  • 吹禅(すいぜん)(suizen, “”)
  • 生禅(なまぜん)(namazen)
  • 野狐禅(やこぜん)(yakozen, “someone who has not fully attained enlightenment, but puts on airs and becomes self-important as if they have”)

Proper noun[edit]

禅(ぜん)• (Zen) (kyūjitai禪)

  1. (Buddhism)Short for 禅宗(Zenshū): Zen Buddhism
  2. a surname

References[edit]

  1. ^ “禅”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ(Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
  2. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ “禅”, in 世界大百科事典 第２版(Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainiban, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”)‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998
  4. ↑ 4.04.14.22006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ “禅”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典(Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎[3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

禅• (seon) (hangeul선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)

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Zen

(zĕn)n.Japanese zen garden minecraft
1. A school of Mahayana Buddhism that asserts that enlightenment can be attained through meditation, self-contemplation, and intuition rather than through faith and devotion and that is practiced mainly in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. Also called Zen Buddhism.
2. also zen An approach to an activity, skill, or subject that emphasizes simplicity and intuition rather than conventional thinking or fixation on goals: the zen of cooking.
[Japanese zen, from Early Middle Chinese dʑian, meditation; also the source of Mandarin chán), from Pali jhānaṃ, from Sanskrit dhyānam, from dhyāti, he meditates.]
Word History: Zen, a word that evokes the most characteristic and appealing aspects of Japanese culture for many English speakers, is ultimately of Indo-European origin. The Japanese word zen is a borrowing of a medieval Chinese word (now pronounced chán, in modern Mandarin Chinese) meaning 'meditation, contemplation.' Chán is one of the many Buddhist terms in Chinese that originate in India, the homeland of Buddhism. A monk named Bodhidharma, said to be of Indian origin, introduced Buddhist traditions emphasizing the practice of meditation to China in the 5th century and established Chan Buddhism. From the 7th century onward, elements of Chan Buddhism began to reach Japan, where chán came to be pronounced zen. The Chinese word chán is a shortening of chán'nǎ 'meditation, contemplation' a borrowing of the Sanskrit term dhyānam. The Sanskrit word is derived from the Sanskrit root dhyā-, dhī-, 'to see, observe,' and the Indo-European root behind the Sanskrit is *dheiə-, *dhyā-, 'to see, look at.' This root also shows up in Greek, where *dhyā- developed into sā-, as in the Common Greek noun *sāma, 'sign, distinguishing mark.' This noun became sēma in Attic Greek and is the source of English semantic.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Zen

(zɛn) Buddhismn
1. (Buddhism) a Japanese school, of 12th-century Chinese origin, teaching that contemplation of one's essential nature to the exclusion of all else is the only way of achieving pure enlightenment
2. (Buddhism) (modifier) of or relating to this school: Zen Buddhism.
[from Japanese, from Chinese ch'an religious meditation, from Pali jhāna, from Sanskrit dhyāna]
ˈZenistn
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

Zen

(zɛn)

Japanese Zen Garden Pictures


n.
1. a Mahayana movement of Buddhism, introduced into China in the 6th century a.d. and into Japan in the 12th century, that emphasizes enlightenment by means of meditation and direct, intuitive insights.
[1725–35; < Japanese]
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.
Noun1.Zen - school of Mahayana Buddhism asserting that enlightenment can come through meditation and intuition rather than faith; China and Japan
Buddhism - a religion represented by the many groups (especially in Asia) that profess various forms of the Buddhist doctrine and that venerate Buddha
Zen Buddhist - an adherent of the doctrines of Zen Buddhism
2.Zen - a Buddhist doctrine that enlightenment can be attained through direct intuitive insight
satori - (Zen Buddhism) a state of sudden spiritual enlightenment
Buddhism - the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth
3.Zen - street name for lysergic acid diethylamide
back breaker, battery-acid, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, window pane, acid, superman, pane, dose, dot
LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide - a powerful hallucinogenic drug manufactured from lysergic acid
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
zenzenbuddhalaisuus
禅

Zen

[zen]
B.CPDZen BuddhismN → budismomZen
Zen BuddhistN → budistamfZen
Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005
Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

Zen

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007
Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

Japanese Zen Garden Ideas

English-Spanish/Spanish-English Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

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